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Dresden-class cruiser
The ''Dresden'' class was a pair of light cruisers built for the Imperial German Navy in the early part of the 20th century. The class comprised , the lead ship, and . Both ships were laid down in 1906; ''Dresden'' was launched in 1907, and ''Emden'' followed in 1908. They entered service in 1908 and 1909, respectively. The design for the ships was an incremental improvement over the preceding ''Königsberg'' class, being slightly larger and slightly faster, but with the same primary armament of ten guns. ''Dresden'' and ''Emden'' were powered by steam turbines and triple expansion engines, respectively, as part of continued experiments with the new turbine technology.
Both ships served extensively on foreign stations; ''Emden'' was assigned to the East Asia Squadron from her commissioning, and ''Dresden'' was sent to Caribbean waters in 1913. ''Dresden'' was due to return to Germany for periodic maintenance shortly before the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, but this became impossible with the onset of hostilities. She therefore operated as a commerce raider, before linking up with ''Vizeadmiral'' Maximilian von Spee's East Asia Squadron. ''Dresden'' thereafter participated in the Battle of Coronel in November 1914 and the Battle of the Falkland Islands the following December. She was the only German vessel to escape destruction at the latter engagement, and she remained at large for several more months. ''Dresden'' finally put into the Chilean island of Más a Tierra in March 1915 owing to worn-out engines. A pair of British cruisers violated Chilean neutrality and attacked ''Dresden'' while she lay at anchor; the Germans scuttled their ship to prevent her capture.
''Emden'', meanwhile, had been detached from the East Asia Squadron to pursue an independent commerce raiding campaign in the Indian Ocean. She captured or sank numerous Entente vessels, including the steamer ''Ryazan'', which was converted into the auxiliary cruiser ''Cormoran''. In September 1914, ''Emden'' raided Penang and caught the Russian protected cruiser ''Zhemchug'' and the French destroyer ''Mousquet'' and quickly destroyed both ships. Shortly thereafter, ''Emden'' was caught by the Australian cruiser off the Cocos Islands and forced to beach after a ferocious engagement.
==Design==
The two ships of the ''Dresden'' class were ordered in the 1905–1906 construction program. Their design represents an incremental improvement over the earlier ''Königsberg'' class. They carried the same main battery of guns on a slightly greater displacement. Like the ''Königsberg''s, one ship—''Dresden''—was fitted with a steam turbine engine to compare its performance with the traditional triple-expansion engine in an otherwise-identical sister ship.〔 All subsequent designs of German cruisers utilized turbine propulsion systems.〔Gardiner & Gray, pp. 159–163〕
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